In 2009, a national ISP employed a simple Nagios instance to alarm to core network issues. Oncall pages were sent to all staff at all hours, and a nominated engineer was “on call” every week. As the ISP (and parent, managed-services company) extended our managed services to customers, engineers initially

As we (customer) expanded our customer base and extended our monitoring   more customers, managing remote access for our engineers / monitoring towards customer infrastructure became cumbersome. We already employed an OpenVPN solution, permitting remote access for staff to internal resources, using per-device certificates. Engineers started building bespoke solutions per-customer, involving either

In 2018, my employers were contracted by a national utility company to rollout a new MPLS network core across the country. The chosen hardware vendor was Juniper (including JUNOS SPACE for all provisioning), and I was tasked with producing a design for the out-of-band solution. Requirements In addition to the